Roofing Materials and Techniques

Roofing is an integral part of building construction that protects structures from rain, snow, sunlight and extremes of temperature. Roofing materials and techniques have evolved over the centuries based on available resources and human ingenuity.

Roofing requires regular maintenance to avoid rotting and insect damage. Selecting a contractor with experience and certifications is important to ensure quality work and safety. Contact Arthur’s Roofing now!

Plywood is one of the most important building materials used in roofing. It acts as the base that supports the weight of shingles, tiles and other roof finish materials and also protects against weather elements like sun, wind, rain, snow and hail. There are a number of different types of plywood, each with their own advantages and uses.

The process of making plywood involves gluing together thin sheets of wood veneers at perpendicular angles to each other. This creates a much stronger material than solid wood and allows it to withstand a significant amount of stress. Additionally, plywood is resistant to warping and shrinking as a result of its cross-grain construction. This makes it a great choice for sheathing or roof decking and can often be used in place of concrete or masonry for structural applications.

It’s worth noting that not all plywood is created equal – when choosing the right product for your roof sheathing, always opt for the highest quality grade available. This will be indicated by a grade of A, B, C or D on the face of the sheet. A-grade plywood is completely devoid of knots and defects, perfect for interior work and appearance-oriented projects; while D-grade plywood has a lot of blemishes and cracks and should only be used for sheathing or roofing.

Two of the most popular choices for roof sheathing are OSB and CDX plywood. OSB stands for Oriented Strand Board, which is made up of strands of wood that are compressed and bonded together using heat and pressure. This creates a strong, lightweight material that can withstand more weight than solid wood and is less expensive than plywood. However, OSB swells when wet and can contain a large amount of formaldehyde, which can be harmful to the environment. Therefore, we recommend opting for CDX plywood when working on a new roof. This type of plywood is a great balance between price and performance and will provide the sheathing your roof needs.

Underlayment

The first layer of your roof is the underlayment, which is a waterproof or water-resistant barrier that goes directly on the roof deck. It’s important to install this before other roofing materials go on, as it protects the structural sheathing from moisture and also prevents tar from coming into contact with the wood.

There are many different types of underlayment, from traditional asphalt-saturated felt to modern synthetics. Felt underlayment is usually cut into manageable sections, often about 10-15 feet long, which helps to minimize waste and make it easier to handle and install. It comes in either 15-pound or 30-pound rolls, depending on the thickness of the material. Asphalt-saturated underlayment is less expensive but not as effective as its synthetic counterparts, which are designed to last longer and can withstand more damage.

While underlayment isn’t always required by building codes, not using it makes your roof more vulnerable to leaks and other problems. For instance, if you have an older home with pine or fir sheathing, resin pockets in these boards can react with certain roof-covering materials, such as asphalt shingles, and cause accelerated deterioration.

Besides protecting the sheathing and your home from moisture, underlayment also provides an extra layer of insulation to keep your home more comfortable. This stops heat from escaping in hot weather and lessens cold air loss in winter, helping to reduce energy costs and ease the load on your heating and cooling systems.

If you’re replacing an existing roof, underlayment will provide a more effective water barrier than old felt underlayment. However, it’s not a good idea to replace your existing shingles with new shingles over old underlayment, as this can lead to condensation and other issues.

Local building codes require that the underlayment used for your roof meets minimum safety and quality standards. Working with a professional roofer ensures that the underlayment you choose and use will be up to code and will do its job well. It can be challenging to navigate all of the regulations in your area, but a roofer can help you stay compliant and avoid any costly or time-consuming mistakes that could put your project behind schedule or jeopardize the safety and integrity of your roof.

Flashing

A roof’s flashing protects the structure from water damage at points where it meets other structures and features. Without effective flashing, moisture can seep into these junctions and cause mold, rot and structural damage. Flashing is typically made from metal and consists of a sheet that’s resistant to moisture and other weather conditions.

There are many types of flashing, each designed to fulfill a specific purpose. Some of the most common include:

Step flashing: Installed at the juncture or valley of two intersecting roof planes, this type of flashing uses a series of small pieces that overlap each other and divert water away from the vulnerable area. This is commonly found around chimneys and walls.

Counter flashing: A piece of metal that’s installed over the top of a run of step flashing, this provides a barrier against leaks and helps prevent moisture from entering the building. This is also used at the juncture where a sloped roof meets a vertical wall or other protrusion.

Chimney flashing: This type of flashing is applied to the roof at the point where a chimney penetrates it. It consists of several components, including step flashing that integrates with the shingles, counter flashing and a cricket or saddle that diverts water around the chimney base.

Plumbing vent flashing boots: These are fitted around pipes protruding from the roof, preventing water from entering the structure at these points. These typically consist of a flat base that integrates with the roof material and an upward-extending sleeve that fits snugly around the pipe.

Window and door flashing: Typically embedded in wall interruptions such as windows, this type of flashing prevents water ingress at these points and also redirects water that may have entered back outside. Sill flashing: Concealed under windows or doors, this type of flashing spans the thickness of a wall and directs water to weep holes.

Roof flashing is essential to a building’s integrity and longevity, protecting it from moisture and other weather elements that can harm the structure. Proper installation is key, and this is why hiring a professional to perform the job is always recommended.

Shingles

Shingles are a key element in roofing and provide the visual appeal of a roof. They come in a variety of colors and styles that can complement any home. When properly installed and maintained, shingles can protect a roof for decades.

Asphalt shingles are the most popular type of shingle used on homes. They consist of a fiberglass mat saturated on both sides with hot asphalt and topped with a layer of granules. The granules add strength and resistance to the shingles. The shingles also help to reflect the sun’s heat, which can reduce cooling costs.

The shingles are designed to be installed in courses, with each shingle offset from the next one. The first course of shingles is called the starter course, and the last shingles are known as the ridge course. The shingles are secured to the underlayment with roof cement.

A variety of specialty shingles are available to homeowners, including ones that fight algae growth and offer enhanced resistance to damaging hail. Some shingles are even coated with special material that helps them to retain their color and resist cracking and peeling. Choosing a special shingle type can significantly lower your insurance premiums.

Depending on the area of your home, you can choose shingles that are lighter or darker to better suit your climate. Lighter shingles reflect more of the sun’s energy, which can lower your cooling costs in warmer regions. Darker shingles absorb more of the sun’s energy, which may reduce your heating costs in colder regions.

In addition to the material and style of shingles, you should also consider how they’ll coordinate with your home’s design and neighborhood aesthetic. For example, a traditional Colonial will look best with wood or slate shingles, while a modern ranch home might look better with metal options.

A shingles rash typically occurs in a single band along the body or face and looks similar to chickenpox. If you suspect that you have shingles, you should see your healthcare provider for an exam and to confirm the diagnosis. They will likely do a physical and ask about your health history.

How to Keep Shower Doors Safe and Secure

Shower Doors

Shower Doors can make or break your bathroom’s style. The right door can add a luxurious touch and help your bathroom feel bigger. Glass shower doors offer many advantages, including being easy to clean and more durable than traditional metal or plastic. They can be framed or frameless and come in many styles, such as neo-angle or curved.

In addition to standard options, you can also choose custom glass solutions that perfectly match your design vision. These custom glass options allow for personalized patterns, colors, and finishes, ensuring a unique and elegant touch to any space.

Most modern shower doors are made from glass and are attached to hinges that allow them to open and close. The glass is tempered safety glass, required by building codes for use in shower enclosures, and designed to break into small, harmless fragments instead of long shards that could cause injuries.

Tempered glass is up to five times stronger than traditional annealed glass and has been treated with heat to make it more resilient. It can be scratched and dented, but it can be restored without affecting its structural integrity. It is also resistant to thermal expansion and contraction, which can occur when hot water is used in the bath or shower.

The process of tempering creates compression and tension within a glass sheet, making it up to five times stronger than standard annealed glass. It is also much safer than annealed glass, as it is less likely to shatter into sharp and dangerous shards. It is available in a wide variety of styles, including clear, ultra-clear, acid-etched, patterned, and tinted glass.

Another advantage of tempered glass is that it is easy to clean and maintain. Its smooth surface resists stains and soap buildup, and it dries quickly after being cleaned with a squeegee or cloth. Tempered glass also adds value to your home, and it is more energy efficient than regular glass, helping you reduce your heating and cooling bills.

While DIYing your own shower doors is a great way to save money on installation, it’s not for the faint of heart. You will need plenty of tools and supplies like a hammer or mallet, waterproof sealant, a drill, and a caulk gun. In addition, if you’re not familiar with installing glass, it’s important to take the proper precautions to avoid injury.

Styles

There are a number of shower door styles to choose from. Most are available in either framed or frameless designs. A framed shower enclosure includes metal framing around the edges of the glass panels, while a frameless design eliminates this hardware for an open look that can be quite elegant in luxury bathrooms. Both types are available with clear or tinted glass.

The style of shower doors you select will also depend on your personal preferences. Clear glass allows more light to enter the shower and can help the room appear bigger, while frosted or tinted glasses provide privacy and can complement other bathroom decor.

Hinged doors, which swing in one direction like a passage door, are common on stand-alone shower stalls and require ample space to allow them to open. For tight spaces, an accordion-style folding door or bi-folding doors may be a better option.

Another consideration is how easy it will be to keep your new shower doors clean. Frameless glass options make this task easier than a traditional shower curtain, since there’s no need to fit into nooks and crannies to wipe down the panels. However, these styles can be more expensive than a traditional framed shower enclosure.

Some shower enclosures use sliding doors, which fit into a track and slide on a roller at the top of the door. This can be an ideal solution for smaller bathrooms, since it maximizes floor space and makes entering and exiting the shower much simpler. Other options include curved doors, which offer an unusual style and can work well for corner showers or tub/shower combo units. You can also find doors with a unique texture, which can help create a distinct style or match your existing decor.

Safety

While glass shower doors are a popular choice for modern bathrooms, it is important to prioritize safety. The last thing you want is to step out of the shower and be covered in dangerous shards of broken glass. Fortunately, it is rare for this to happen, but it can be incredibly frightening and unnerving. Luckily, there are several things you can do to ensure your glass shower doors are safe and secure.

One non-negotiable is to make sure the glass used in your shower door is tempered. Tempering is a heat treatment process that increases the strength of the glass and causes it to shatter into small pieces, which are much less likely to cause injury than large, sharp shards. Be sure to check for certification labels on your shower door to ensure that the glass has been tempered.

Another safety feature to consider is the installation of grab bars. These bars can help with stability and balance as you enter or exit the shower, and they are available in a variety of styles to complement any bathroom decor. In addition to installing these bars, be sure to avoid slamming your shower doors or placing excessive weight on them. These actions can put unnecessary stress on the hardware, which could lead to an unexpected breakage event and injuries.

It is also a good idea to periodically inspect your shower for signs of damage and wear, such as loose hinges or cracked glass. Addressing any issues promptly can help prevent further damage and extend the life of your shower door. In addition, be sure to regularly lubricate moving parts on your shower door to keep them working smoothly and safely.

Durability

Shower doors have to withstand a lot of daily wear and tear. That includes everything from accidentally bumping into them to the weight of heavy water flow. They also must be able to resist the impact of glass shattering. Luckily, modern shower doors use tempered glass which has been strengthened during the manufacturing process. In the rare event that this glass does break, it shatters into small, blunt fragments rather than sharp shards that can injure a person.

This type of shower door also helps to prevent rust and corrosion from occurring on the metal hardware. As a result, they will likely last longer than framed shower doors that use standard glass and have not been treated to resist these issues.

Framless doors are also a good choice for homeowners who want a minimal and streamlined look in their bathroom. They are also easier to clean as there is no frame or other hardware to get in the way of cleaning the glass panels. This style of shower also allows for more natural light to penetrate the bathroom space creating a more eco-conscious living environment.

When selecting the right glass for your shower door, consider your lifestyle and who will be using it. For example, if you have children or elderly relatives in your home, you should prioritize safety features. You should also opt for tempered glass and professional installation. Avoid cutting corners as these decisions can lead to costly injuries down the road. In the end, a well-made shower door is worth the investment as it can add value to your home and make bathing a much more enjoyable experience. You can find the best glass shower door to suit your home and lifestyle by comparing the options available today.

Accessibility

Many older shower door designs pose accessibility concerns for people of all ages and abilities. Narrow door openings, protruding hardware, and sharp edges can all create a hazard for individuals who use wheelchairs or walkers to enter and exit the bathroom. Fortunately, modern innovations in shower doors address these issues and provide a safer bathing environment for everyone.

Aside from being durable, glass shower doors offer more privacy than their traditional counterparts. The choice of a textured or patterned glass design is up to the homeowner’s taste, but it’s important to consider universal appeal when making this decision. For example, a bamboo texture may work well in an Asian-themed bathroom, but it might not be the best fit for a more rustic country style. Additionally, textured or patterned glass may not reflect light as well as clear glass and can obscure the view of individuals in the shower.

Other considerations include whether to install framed or frameless doors, as well as the type of swing: a sliding door that slides side to side to open and close takes up minimal space; a bi-fold door, similar to a standard closet door, which folds flat against the wall; or a pivot door that can be mounted on either side for a simple 180-degree rotation. Also, a frosted or pebble glass finish may not be as visually appealing as a clear finish but provides some degree of privacy.

Ultimately, the most important feature of any shower door is safety. Tempered glass is the safest option because it can withstand sudden vibrations or temperature changes that might cause normal glass to break. It also breaks into small pieces instead of sharp shards, reducing the risk of injuries from glass splinters.